Title: The Impact of ISRO’s Success on Pakistan’s Space Ambitions by Dr Kiran Kakade

Introduction:

In recent years, the successful endeavors of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), particularly the Chandrayaan-3 mission, have sparked debates and discussions in Pakistan regarding its own space research program. Many Pakistanis have begun to question their government’s allocation of resources, particularly its investment in missile programs over space exploration. This article delves into the changing landscape of Pakistan’s space ambitions and how ISRO’s achievements have influenced this transformation.

Historical Trajectory:

Pakistan embarked on its space journey with great promise. In 1962, Pakistan achieved a significant milestone by launching its first rocket, Rehbar-1, making it the third Asian nation after Japan and Israel to do so. The Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) was established in 1961, predating India’s ISRO by eight years.

Collaboration with the United States:

During the early 1960s, the United States, in its quest to reach the moon, sought a suitable location for atmospheric research. Given Pakistan’s Cold War alliance with the U.S., it became a natural partner for conducting research in the Indian Ocean. In collaboration with the U.S., Pakistan launched Rehbar-1 in 1962. This launch not only furthered scientific knowledge but also led to the establishment of a Doppler radar tracking station in Pakistan.

Satellite Technology and International Participation:

SUPARCO continued to evolve, establishing a Remote Sensing Research Group and the National Remote Sensing Centre (‘Resacent’) in 1980. These advancements allowed Pakistan to interpret remotely sensed data and participate in international space committees like the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) and the Committee on Space Research (Cospar).

A Changing Perspective:

Despite previous skepticism and criticism of ISRO, there has been a noticeable shift in Pakistan’s attitude toward India’s space achievements. Former Pakistani Science and Technology Minister Fawad Hussain praised India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission, describing it as a “historic moment for humankind.” Pakistani media also acknowledged India’s achievement, highlighting its success with a relatively modest budget compared to wealthier nations.

Challenges Faced by SUPARCO:

SUPARCO’s progress has been hindered by various challenges, including leadership primarily consisting of military personnel since the 2000s. The departure of Nobel laureate Abdus Salam, who had established research hubs and training agreements with NASA, further impacted the organization’s development.

ISRO’s Success Story:

In contrast, ISRO has been led by scientists, and its achievements have been notable, even with a comparatively smaller budget than SUPARCO. The contrast in budgets, with ISRO receiving $1.6 billion while SUPARCO’s budget stands at 7.4 billion rupees, has not gone unnoticed by the Pakistani public.

Conclusion:

ISRO’s successful space missions, including Chandrayaan-3, have prompted a reassessment of priorities in Pakistan’s space program. The comparisons between the two nations’ space agencies and their respective achievements have led to increased interest in science and technology among Pakistanis. It remains to be seen how these changing perspectives will shape Pakistan’s future in space exploration and research.